Traumatismo Cranioencefálico como Fator Desencadeador de Neurodegeneração Crônica

Resumo

Objetivo: Realizar revisão de literatura sobre traumatismo cranioencefálico (TCE) como fator desencadeador de neurodegeneração crônica, um tema de grande relevância médica, principalmente para neurocirurgiões, dado que é uma condição que necessita de informações adequadas, para um manejo correto e não acarretar pior prognóstico. Métodos: Realizou-se uma busca pela literatura utilizando as bases Medline, PubMed e ResearchGate com as palavras-chaves “Traumatismo cranioencefálico”, “Neurodegeneração”, “Demências”, “Doença de Alzheimer”, “Consequências crônicas”, “Encefalopatia pós-traumática crônica”. Teve como finalidade compreender a relação de causa-efeito entre o TCE como fator desencadeador de neurodegeneração crônica. Resultados: O TCE é um problema de saúde pública e uma das principais causas de morte e incapacidade, podendo ter consequências significativas na saúde e qualidade de vida dos pacientes, demonstrando ser um fator de risco para deficiências cognitivas. Pesquisas recentes têm mostrado uma associação entre o TCE e a neurodegeneração do sistema nervoso central. Conclusão: Com as avançadas técnicas da neurocirurgia tem sido possível salvar muitas vidas. Compreender as características da demência após TCE é de extrema importância para um tratamento adequado, mesmo na ausência de um tratamento efetivo para bloquear o aparecimento das doenças é possível implementar terapias preventivas que minimizam os efeitos e melhoram o prognóstico.

Palavras-chave

Traumatismo cranioencefálico; Neurodegeneração crônica; Demência; Doença de Alzheimer

Abstract

Objective: to review the literature of traumatic brain injury (TBI) as a triggering factor for chronic neurodegeneration, a medical topic of high relevance, especially for neurosurgeons, since it is a condition that requires adequate information, so that with a correct management it will not result in worse prognosis. Methods: Literature review article using Medline, PubMed, ResearchGate datrabase using as keywords “Traumatic brain injury”, “Neurodegeneration”, “Dementia”, “Alzheimer’s Disease”, “Chronic consequences”, “Chronic post-traumatic encephalopathy”. Our aim was to understand the cause-effect relationship between TBI as a risk factor of chronic neurodegeneration. Results: TBI is a public health problem and one of the main causes of death and disability, and can have significant consequences on the health and quality of life of patients, showing to be a risk factor for cognitive impairments. Recent research has shown an association between TBI and central nervous system neurodegeneration. Conclusion: With the advanced techniques of neurosurgery, it has been possible to save many lives. The understanding of the characteristics of dementia after TBI is extremely important for a correct treatment, even if there is no effective treatment to block the onset of diseases it is possible to implement preventive therapies that minimize the effects and improve the prognosis.

Keywords

Traumatic brain injury; Chronic neurodegeneration; Dementia; Alzheimer’s disease

References

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Traumatismo Cranioencefálico como Fator Desencadeador de Neurodegeneração Crônica

Traumatic Brain Injury as a Risk Factor for Chronic Neurodegeneration

Resumo

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Abstract

Keywords

References

JBNC Brazilian Journal of Neurosurgery

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