REVIEW
Introdução: A fratura do seio frontal (FSF) é uma entidade de grande importância devido à sua incidência e tratamentos complexos, ocorre em cerca de 5 a 15% dos traumas de face e se apresenta quatro vezes mais em homens. O tratamento da FSF varia da observação clínica até o processo cirúrgico de cranialização do seio. Objetivo: O presente estudo pretende nortear a comunidade médica a respeito do cenário atual do manejo das fraturas de seio frontal, principais condutas e desafios. Metodologia: Trata-se de uma revisão de literatura utilizando as bases de dados PubMed, Google Scholar e Scielo utilizando os termos: “Frontal sinus”, “Frontal bone” e “Facial injuries”. Foram selecionados artigos de 2006 a 2022, resultando em 52 artigos que foram submetidos à revisão sistemática. Resultados: Existe uma grande controvérsia com relação ao tratamento específico empregado nos casos de FSF, devendo-se levar em conta que mais benefícios têm se mostrado em técnicas conservadoras em detrimento das terapêuticas mais agressivas. Conclusão: A literatura tem demonstrado um melhor desfecho nos tratamentos conservadores em detrimento dos cirúrgicos quando estes são passíveis de eleição e os prejuízos da falta de uma classificação unificada para as fraturas de seio frontal em especial na população pediátrica.
Introduction: The frontal sinus fracture (FSF) is an entity of great importance due to its incidence and complex treatment, it occurs in about 5-15% of facial traumas and presents four-fold number more in men. The treatment of FSF varies from clinical observation to the surgical process of sinus cranialization. Objective: The present study aims to guide the medical community regarding to the current scenario of the management of frontal sinus fractures, main conducts and challenges. Methodology: This is a literature review using PubMed, Google Schollar and Scielo databases using the terms: “Frontal sinus”, “Frontal bone” and “Facial injuries”. Articles from 2006 to 2022 were selected, resulting in 52 articles that were submitted to a systematic review. Results: There is a great controversy regarding to the specific treatment used in cases of FSF, considering that more benefits have been shown in conservative techniques at the expense of more aggressive therapies. Conclusion: The literature has shown a better outcome in conservative treatments over surgical ones when these are amenable to be chosen and the disadvantages of the lack of a unified classification for frontal sinus fractures, especially in the pediatric population.
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1 Medical student, University Tiradentes, Aracaju, SE, Brazil.
2 MD, PhD, Otorrhinolaryngologist, Service of ORL, Hospital de Urgências de Sergipe – HUSE, Aracaju, SE, Brazil.
3 Auxiliar coordinator, Program of Hearing Health, São Jose Hospital, Aracaju, SE, Brazil.
4 MD, Emergency Medicine, Ala Vermelha, Hospital de Urgências de Sergipe – HUSE, Aracaju, SE, Brazil.
5 MD, PhD, Neurosurgeon, Neurosurgery Service, Hospital de Urgências de Sergipe – HUSE, Aracaju, SE, Brazil.
Received May 31, 2022
Accepted Jul 12, 2022