REVIEW
A estimulação medular é um procedimento neurocirúrgico aprovado e utilizado para o tratamento de várias patologias, especialmente a dor neuropática. Esta revisão procura explicar os aspetos fisiológicos e anatômicos que envolvem essa terapia cirúrgica. Os fundamentos subjacentes aos aspetos analgésicos são desvendados: (i) inibição das vias ascendentes da dor; (ii) estimulação da produção de GABA; e (iii) estimulação dos recetores endocanabinoides. Além disso, fornecer insights que estimulem a compreensão de todos os seus aspetos e colocar questões para incentivar o estudo científico, considerando a presença de lacunas no conhecimento.
Spinal cord stimulation is a neurosurgical procedure approved and used for the treatment of various pathologies, especially neuropathic pain. This review seeks to explain the physiological and anatomical aspects surrounding this surgical therapy. The foundations underlying the analgesic aspects are unveiled: (i) inhibition of ascending pain pathways; (ii) stimulation of GABA production; and (iii) stimulation of endocannabinoid receptors. Furthermore, providing insights that stimulate understanding of all its aspects and posing questions to encourage scientific study, considering the presence of gaps in knowledge.
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1Universidade Federal da Paraíba – UFPB, João Pessoa, PB, Brasil.
2Universidade Federal do Ceará – UFC, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil.
3Centro Avançado de Neurologia e Neurocirurgia – CEANNE, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil.
4Faculdade Evangélica Mackenzie do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brasil.
Received May 20, 2024
Accepted Jun 10, 2024